![x particles 3.5 patch x particles 3.5 patch](https://docs.unrealengine.com/4.27/Images/RenderingAndGraphics/Niagara/HowTo/RecreateSparks/Sparks_Burst_OpenParticleSpawn.jpg)
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The analysis in Figure 4 was of a sample of hydraulic oil from a prefeeder similar to the unit detailed in Example No. Welding and grinding debris from the environment had entered the unit’s hydraulic system through an inadequate reservoir breather.įigure 4. Maintenance was carried out in the vicinity of this unit with no protection.
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The patch test, however, showed a high concentration of spherical particles ranging in size from 20 µm to 75 µm - typical of welding debris (Figure 3).įigure 3. Spectrometry failed to detect iron due to the analysis limitation of particle size (less than 5 µm). However, in this case, the PQ index and particle counts showed an abnormal contamination level. The spectrographic analysis failed to detect any abnormal wear or contamination. 1 Patch Test ResultĪ sample of hydraulic oil from a prefeeder is detailed in Figure 2.įigure 2. Subsequent examination of the piston pump revealed serious wear at the slipper pad/swash plate surfaces.įigure 1.
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The laboratory analysis suggested that the system was satisfactory with no evidence of iron, copper, zinc or tin, and its 16/13 ISO code was within the target cleanliness level for that system.Ī routine patch test (1 µm) showed the presence of numerous brass/bronze cutting wear particles (Figure 1). In a high-pressure hydraulic system, the operator suspected that the axial flow piston pump had suffered damage and was operating with reduced efficiency. The following examples highlight some cases where patch microscopy was used to help determine a serious mechanical problem that might otherwise have gone unnoticed.Ĭase Studies Provide Proof of Patch Test’s Usefulness
![x particles 3.5 patch x particles 3.5 patch](https://insydium.ltd/site/assets/files/1369/x-particles_logo_future_2017-1-1.png)
Oftentimes, the patch test can add a piece of the puzzle, missed by other on-site instruments or laboratory analysis. Likewise, a visual examination of a particle’s morphology - its shape, size, color and other details - can also be used just like conventional ferrography to help elucidate the source of any particles observed.
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The appropriate ISO Cleanliness Code can then be estimated.Ī laboratory correlation exercise showed that the ISO code obtained by this comparator method and an ISO code obtained using a standard portable particle counter was within one ISO code number. The procedure for performing low-cost patch microscopy is explained in the sidebar below.Īfter the patch has been prepared, a number of things can be determined by visually examining the debris collected on the patch.įirst, by using the 100 X magnification microscope, a comparison may be made with a catalog of standard patches, which can be obtained from numerous sources. It can also provide them with experience and information that will help them determine if a more sophisticated particle-monitoring device is needed, and if so, which device best suits their needs. The patch test can help maintenance personnel determine if on-site particle monitoring suits their needs. While several excellent automatic particle-monitoring devices (particle counters and wear debris meters) are available, low-cost patch microscopy allows on-site particle monitoring without spending a great deal of money.
![x particles 3.5 patch x particles 3.5 patch](https://www.mdpi.com/applsci/applsci-10-01168/article_deploy/html/images/applsci-10-01168-g001.png)
The simple patch test enables the technician to quickly identify abnormal levels of contamination and wear debris so that corrective actions can be scheduled accordingly.
![x particles 3.5 patch x particles 3.5 patch](https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0169409X2100034X-ga1.jpg)
Because, particles are generated when a machine fails, monitoring for increased generation of wear debris alerts the technician of an impending failure. These particles can abrade, fatigue and erode component surfaces - robbing it of precious life.īecause particles cause so many problems, they should be monitored regularly and controlled by filtering the oil or changing as required. They can also be generated within the system from component wear. Hard particles can enter the system through seals, breathers, new oil changes and top-offs. Studies show that particle contamination is responsible for up to 80 percent of lubrication-related machinery failures. For most plants, mills and mines, particle monitoring is the most productive on-site oil analysis activity available.
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